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Objective To explore the efficacy and adverse reaction of modified Chushi-Jiedu decoction combined with external application of purslane in the treatment of acute eczema with damp heat and skin retention. Methods A total of 80 patients with damp heat skin type acute eczema were collected in the department of Dermatology of our hospital from January to December of 2017, and the patients were randomly divided into two groups, each 40 cases. The control group was treated with Cetirizine Hydrochloride Tablets and hydrocortisone ointment, and the observation group was treated with modified Chushi-Jiedu decoction combined with external application of purslane. The effects and adverse reaction of two groups were compared after 2 weeks of treatment. Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 97.5% (39/40), and the control group was 80.0% (32/40), where the comparison difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=6.135, P=0.013). After treatment, the lesion area and lesion form and pruritus scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (t value were 5.060, 4.391, 8.761, P<0.01); the levels of IL-4 (0.15 ± 0.06 ng/L vs. 0.31 ± 0.08 ng/L, t=10.119), TNF-α (19.03 ± 3.26 ng/L vs. 25.58 ± 4.03 ng/L, t=7.992) of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.01). The levels of CD4+(33.42% ± 3.53 % vs. 27.38% ± 3.06%, t=8.177), CD4+/CD8+(1.37 ± 0.28 vs. 0.97 ± 0.19, t=7.170) in observation group were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.01), and the levels of CD8+(24.32% ± 2.10% vs. 28.03% ± 2.51%, t=7.476) was significantly lower than the control group ( P<0.01). Conclusions The modificatied Chushi-Jiedu decoction combined with external application of purslane is safe and effective for the treatment of acute eczema with damp heat and skin type, and it can alleviate the inflammatory reaction and improve the immunity of the body.
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Objective To evaluate the role of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) in newborn rats.Methods Cardiomyocytes obtained from newborn Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 1-3 days,were primarily cultured in DMEM culture medium supplemented with 20％ fetal bovine serum and divided into 4 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),H/R group,negative control group (con-siRNA group) and TLR4-siRNA group.Cardiomyocytes were routinely cultured for 24 h in group C.Cardiomyocytes were subjected to hypoxia for 2 h followed by 4 h of reoxygenation in group H/R.Cardiomyocytes were transfected with siRNA and TLR4-siRNA at the final concentration of 80 nmol/L in con-siRNA group and TLR4-siRNA group,respectively.After successful establishment of H/R injury model,the cell survival rate was measured by MTT assay,flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis in cardiomyocytes,the expression of TLR4 mRNA was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction,and the expression of TLR4,Bcl-2,Bax and caspase-3 was detected by Western blot.The apoptosis rate was calculated.Results Compared with group C,the cell survival rate was significantly decreased,the expression of TLR4 protein and mRNA,caspase-3 and Bax was up-regulated,the apoptosis rate was increased and the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated in the other three groups (P＜0.01).Compared with H/R and con-siRNA groups,the cell survival rate was significantly increased,the expression of TLR4 protein and mRNA,caspase-3 and Bax was down-regulated,the apoptosis rate was decreased and the expression of Bcl-2 was up-regulated in group TLR4-siRNA (P＜0.01).Conclusion TLR4 is involved in cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by H/R in newborn rats.
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Objective To investigate the preventive effects of emilia sonchifolia on experimental hepatic steatosis in rats and its molecular mechanism.Methods Seventy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal control, model, high dose emilia sonchifolia, low dose emilia sonchifolia groups and high dose emilia sonchifolia + phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated protein kinase 1/2 (pERK1/2) inhibitor (PD98059) group (PD group). In normal control group, the rats were fed with normal diet, and in the other four groups, the rats were fed with high fat and low protein diet combined with 30% carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) peanut oil 2 mL/kg subcutaneous injection, once every 3 days for consecutive 3 weeks to establish animal models with hepatic steatosis. In emilia sonchifolia high and low dose groups, 5.0 g/kg and 2.5 g/kg doses of emilia sonchifolia were given respectively by gavage, once a day. In PD group, after administration of emilia sonchifolia high dose by gavage once a day, additionally PD98059 0.3 mg/kg was injected through a tail vein, once a week. After 3 weeks, all rats were switched to normal diet and treatment continued as before. At the end of the 5th week, liver tissues were taken for pathological analyses. The serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) were determinated by automatic biochenical analyzer. The positive cell count and protein expressions of sterol-regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), pERK1/2, toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) and high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1) were tested by immunohistochemistry, Western Blot and flow cytometry. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) in liver cell homogenate were detected by hydroxylamine and TBA method.Results Compared with the model group, the lobular inflammation in high and low dose emilia sonchifolia groups and PD group was attenuated (1.50±0.53, 1.80±0.43, 1.20±0.42 vs. 2.30±0.48), and ALT, AST, TC, TG, SREBP-1, and MDA were significantly decreased, the decrease in high dose emilia sonchifolia group being the most significant [ALT (U/L): 51.91±6.95 vs. 66.50±12.15, AST (U/L): 125.70±5.62 vs. 147.10±10.52, TC (mmol/L): 1.79±1.04 vs. 2.81±1.08, TG (mmol/L): 0.87±0.55 vs. 1.17±0.67, SREBP-1: (30.60±5.56)% vs. (53.10±5.02)%, MDA (nmol/mg): 5.20±0.87 vs. 10.61±5.45,P 0.05]. While the above index values in PD group were close to those in high dose emilia sonchifolia group, showing that PD98059 had no impact on emilia sonchifolia's action.Conclusions Emilia sonchifolia can alleviate hepatic injury and attenuate lobular inflammation in rat experimental hepatic steatosis. Its mechanism is possibly related to the reduction of oxidative stress reaction, and SREBP-1 may be as a mediator involved in the action.
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Objective To investigate the clinical diagnostic and differential diagnostic values of antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) and tumor suppressors (p14ARF, p15INK4b and p16INK4a) mRNA expression levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods The patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis admitted in Shantou Central Hospital from October 2013 to April 2014 were selected. The real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect ANRIL, p14ARF, p15INK4b and p16INK4a mRNA expression levels of peripheral blood lymphocytes. The subjects having taken physical health examinations in outpatient clinics were assigned in the healthy control group. Results During the study period, 19 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 24 cases of cirrhosis, and 31 healthy controls were finally enrolled. In the hepatocellular carcinoma group, the mRNA expression level of ANRIL was significantly higher than that of the healthy control group (?Ct:13.07±0.62 vs. 12.45±0.84, P0.05). There were also no statistically significant differences in p14ARF and p16INK4a mRNA expressions among the three groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion The elevation of ANRIL and descent of p15INK4b mRNA expression levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with liver lesion can be used as the reference indicators for the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and to predict their prognoses.
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Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine or dezocine alone or the combination of the two agents on the emergence agitation in patients undergoing thoracic surgery.Methods Eighty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 18-64 yr,weighing 48-75 kg,scheduled for elective thoracic surgery under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =20 each):control group (group C),dexmedetomidine group (group DEX),dezocine group (group DEZ) and dexmedetomidine + dezocine group (group DEX + DEZ).In group DEX,dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg was injected intravenously at 15 min before induction of anesthesia,followed by continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine at 0.4 μg· kg-1 · h-1 until beginning of chest closure.Dezocine 0.1 mg/kg was injected intravenously after beginning of chest closure in group DEZ.In group DEX + DEZ,dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg was injected intravenously at 15 min before induction of anesthesia,followed by continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine at 0.4 μg·kg-1 ·h-1 until beginning of chest closure and then dezocine 0.1 mg/kg was injected intravenously.While the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group C.Flurbiprofen axetil 50 mg was injected intravenously at beginning of skin closure in each group.Venous blood samples were collected for determination of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP),TNF-α and IL-10 levels at 10 min before induction of anesthesia (T1),before skin closure (T2),immediately after extubation (T3) and 15 min after extubation (T4).Side effects such as agitation during emergence from anesthesia were recorded.Sedation was assessed using Ramsay score.Results Compared with group C,the levels of plasma CRP and TNF-α at T2-4 and ratio of TNF-α/IL-10 were significantly decreased,the levels of IL-10 were increased at T2-4,the degree and incidence of agitation were decreased,and Ramsay score was increased in the other three groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with groups DEX and DEZ,the levels of plasma CRP and TNF-α at T2_4 and ratio of TNF-α/IL-10 were significantly decreased,the levels of IL-10 were increased at T2-4,and the degree and incidence of agitation were decreased in group DEX + DEZ (P ＜0.05).No side effects such as hypotension,bradycardia,respiratory depression,nausea and vomiting were observed in the four groups.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine or dezocine alone or combination of the two agents can decrease the degree and occurrence of emergence agitation and inhibit the inflammatory response simultaneously,and the combination of the two agents provides better efficacy than either alone in patients undergoing thoracic surgery.
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Objective To study the effect of Bupi-Qufeng decoction on total serum IgE (TIgE) and EOS counts of atopic dermatitis (AD).Methods A total of 101 cases were randomly recruited into a treatment group and a control group.During the treatment both groups were give Danggui-Bohe ointment for external use,and based on this,oral Bupi-Qufeng decoction was added in the treatment group and loratadine in the control group.TIgE level and EOS count were detected both before the treatment and four weeks after the treatment.Results TIgE in the treatment group decreased significantly after the treatment (t=8.0063,P＜0.001),the decreased value of which was larger than the control group (t=3.6434,P＜0.001).EOS count in the treatment group also obviously decreased after the treatment (t=3.0314,P＜0.01) ; the decreased value of which was also larger than the control group (t=3.3331,P＜0.01).Conclnsion Bupi-Qufeng decoction could decrease TIgE and EOS level of AD patient,while the therapeutic mechanism needed further research.
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With the advantages of displaying visceral organs intuitively,showing the operative procedure vividly,making and spreading videos conveniently in clinical teaching,electrobronchoscopy image system was adopted in clinical teaching of respiratory medicine to assist the traditional teaching method,to make up for the deficiencies of tradition method and to improve the learning effectiveness of respiratory medicine for medical students at internship.
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Objective To analyze factors influencing β-blocker response rates of patients with portal hypertension and to explore the effect of nursing interference for increasing response rates with goal-directed nursing model. Methods 83 cases of portal hypertension were enrolled.Questionnaire about medical visiting behaviors and medication compliance were compared and analyzed after routine medication for 3 months.Bivariate and multivariate regression analysis were performed and related factors were used to establish a goal-directed nursing model for nursing interference guidance.52 non-response patients were randomly divided into the study group(27 cases)and the control group(25 cases).In the study group,compensation system and supportive-education according to Orem model were given,while the control group was given routine nursirng.Response rates and related factors were compared after 3 months of nursing intervention. Results Awareness of self-care responsibility,knowledge about the medication target,risk of sudden drug withdrawal,related medical knowledge,ability for pulse rate measurement and dose adjustment according to pulse rate changes were related to the response rates.Multivariate regression analysis showed that awareness of self-care responsibility,sudden drug withdrawal,utilization of social support and regular return visit were the independent factors.In the study group,ability for pulse rate measurement and dose adjustment acconding to pulse rate changes improved,phenomenon of sudden drug withdrawal declined and response rate increased,comparing with the control grpup. Conclusins For patients fail to respond to β-blockers,compliance behavior and medication compliance should be analyzed,and much attention should be paid to the education of the related medical knowledge,risk of sudden drug withdrawal and drag using targets.Goal-directed medel could be a guidance for nursing intervention to increase the response rates.
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Objective To study the clinical features of hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis(HL-AP)and to en-hyance the awareness of diagnosis and treatment of HL-AP. Methods To Retrospective analyse 159 cases with acute pancreatitis (AP), of which 18 cases of HL-AP(HL-AP group), 141 cases of other causes of AP(non-HL-AP group),to compare the age, triglyceride (TG), calcium (Ca2+) levels, blood glucose (GLU), CT severity index (CTSI), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE Ⅱ) and the the incidence of combined diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in two groups,correlative analysis between TG in HL-AP group and the above-mentioned indicators was car-rird out. Results In addition to significantly decreased Ca22+ , TG, APACHEⅡ score, CTSI points, GLU, and the combined incidence of DKA were significantly increased (both P < 0. 05) in HL-AP group when compared with the control group,TG and APACHE Ⅱ score, CTSI score were positively correlated(P < 0. 05),TG and the Ca2+ was negatively correlated (r = - 0. 795, P < 0. 01). Conclusion HL-AP is not uncommon, mainly patients are young and middle-aged with positively correlated between serum TG levels and the HL-AP lesions, and the condition is more seri-ous and,we should pay attention to the early diagnosis and treatment of HL-AP, main treatment is non-surgical treat-ment.
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This experimental study sought to determine the repeatability of a Video Keratography System specially designed for animals with small eyes. From day 5, ten newly hatched White Leghorn chicks were reared with monocular hyperopic defocus using -5.0D (n = 3), -10.0D (n = 3), -15.0D(n = 4) spherical PMMA lenses on their right eyes; the left eyes served as controls. Two sets of corneal topographical measurements, each set separated by about 5 minutes apart, were collected from both eyes of each animal at the end of 2-wk treatment period (i. e., 19 days of age). Each set of measurements consisted of five consecutive readings of corneal astigmatism. Bland-Altman plots were used to evaluate the repeatability of 3, 4 or all 5 readings from each set of data. When all 5 consecutive readings were used, the mean difference (95% limits of agreement) for the right treated and left untreated eyes were, respectively, -0.09D (-0.81, 0.64) and -0.02D (-0.86, 0.82). There was a tendency that lesser readings from each set of data produced greater difference between the two sets of measurements, although the differences (-0.19D) were not clinically significant. The Video Keratography System specially designed for animals with small eyes produced repeatable measurements for both treated and untreated eyes in chickens. Further studies are needed to validate other biometric features associated with corneal changes during normal and abnormal eye growth.
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Animals , Astigmatism , Diagnosis , Chickens , Cornea , Corneal Topography , Equipment DesignABSTRACT
Subtle changes in structure or composition can lead to degeneration of articular cartilage such as in osteoarthritis, so it is significant to study the materials attribute of the degenerating articular cartilage. A new transient ultrasonic technique was introduced into this study for measuring the swelling effects of the degenerated cartilage. The swelling-induced strain was calculated based on the measurement result, and then the uniaxial module of the articular cartilag was extracted using Narmoneva's triphasic model. The ultrasonic observation showed that the strains induced by the nonuniform swelling are depth-dependent, and the strains are small in the deep zone and big in the middle and surface zones. The uniaxial modulus also revealed that the cartilage in the deep zone (E1 = 12.20) is harder than that in surface zone (E2 = 0.15). These results suggest that the transient ultrasound technique accompanied by triphasic model provides a quantitative means to study the degeneration of articular cartilage.
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Humans , Cartilage Diseases , Diagnostic Imaging , Cartilage, Articular , Diagnostic Imaging , Computer Simulation , Edema , Diagnostic Imaging , Models, Biological , Osmotic Pressure , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Objective To study the material attribute of articular cartilage.Methods An improved 4 parameters inhomogeneous triphasic model based on 3 parameters model was developed to estimate the uniaxial modulus Ha of cartilage and to predict the swelling pattern of cartilage.Results The results showed that more accurate uniaxial modulus can be extracted using 4 parameters inhomogeneous triphasic model,and the predicted results appeared to match the experimental strain data better than other models.Conclusion Inhomogeneous 4 parameters triphasic model can describe the depth-dependent material attribute of articular cartilage more exactly.
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Some measures about improving the teaching quality in respiratory department training are described in this report,including identifying the aim and importance of major training,raising students'enthusiasm,enhancing the basic major procedure training,performing various teaching,concentrating on the students'response and altering teaching methods continuously
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Objective To evaluate the role of antidepressants in the treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD). Methods 90 cases of FD with anxious depressive manifestations were randomizely allocated into antidyspepsia group, antidepressant group and antidyspepsia and antidepressants combination group. All patients were treated for 8 weeks. Results FD scores(upper abdominal distention, satiety, abdominal pain, belching) with Zung depression scale and HAMD scale decreased after treatment in all three groups. Symptoms in combination group improved with a total efficacy rate of 86.7%, and HAMD efficacy rate 86.7%. Both were much higher than those in antidyspepsia group(36.7% and 10.0%, respectively, P
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Objective To investigate the cardiac affects of esophageal dilatation and stent implantation and its possible pathogenic mechanism. Methods One hundred patients who underwent esophageal dilation or stent implantation had investigeted with Hotter tape recorder, vectorcardiogram, oxygen saturation and cardiac enzymes checked at the time prior to. during and after the procedure respectively. Results During the procedure, incidence of frequent ventricular premature beats was 66%, paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia 9 cases; frequent atrial premature heats 73 cases, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia 21 eases, myocardial ischaemia 17 cases and hypoxia 69 eases with significant differences comparing with those prior to the procedure(9 cases; 0 case; 7 cases; 0 case; 0 case and 9 eases respectively) but all above changes as well as cardiac enzymes recorded 24 hours after the procedure had no statistical significance comparing with those prior to the procedure. Conclusion There is a high incidence of cardiac arrhythmia and myocardial ischaemia at the time of dilatation and stent implantation. However, most of these changes can subside without intervention 24 hours after the procedure. Pathogenic mechanisms involved may be related to hypoxia duo to the pain provoked by the procedure suggesting close observation is needed during the operation.
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Objective To investigate the effect of ondansetron on the analgesic efficacy of tramadol for postoperative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA). Methods Forty ASA I - II patients aged 22-74 years, weighing 40-90 kg scheduled for radical mastectomy were randomly allocated to one of two groups : control group ( n = 20) and ondansetron group ( n = 20) . The patients were premedicated with intramuscular atropine 0.01 mg?kg-1 and diazepam 0.2 mg?kg-1. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.1-0.2 mg (total dose was limited to 15 mg), fentanyl 2.4?g?kg-1 , propofol 1.5-2.0 mg?kg-1 and vecuronium 0.12-0.15 mg?kg-1 . The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation (VT 8-10 ml?kg-1 , RR 13 bpm). Anesthesia was maintained with enflurane inhalation and continuous infusion of vecuronium. The patients were attached to a PCIA pump after operation and received PCIA with 1 % tramadol (background infusion 2 ml?h-1 , bolus dose 2 ml, lockout interval 10min) in both groups. In ondansetron group the patients received ondansetron 6 mg iv during operation and a loading dose of tramadol 1 mg?kg-1 and ondansetron 2 mg after operation before PCIA. Pain score (VAS 0-10), sedation score (0-3), tramadol consumption and the incidence of nausea and vomiting were recorded at 4, 8, 12 and 24 h after operation. Results There was no significant difference in pain and sedation scores and the incidence of vomiting between the two groups. Significantly more tramadol was consumed at 4, 8 and 12 h after operation in the ondansetron group as compared with control group (P
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ve To investigate the effect of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on apoptosis induced by acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion and expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax protein which were known to modulate apoptosis. Methods Twenty-four healthy SD rats of either sex, weighing (200()20)g were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital 4.5mg?100g-1. The animals were tracheotomized and mechanically ventilated. Respiratory rate was 20 bpm and tidal volume 2 ml?100g-1. Myocardial ischemia/ reperfusion(I/R) model was established by ligation and untying of the anterior descending branch of left coronary artery. The animals were randomly divided into three equal groups with eight animals each. Group I : (control group) anterior descending branch was exposed and dissected but not ligated and was exposed for 50 min. Group II (I/R group): anterior descending branch was double ligated for 30 min and then untied for reperfusion which lasted 2h. Group III (IPC group): The anterior descending branch was tied for 5 min then untied for 5 min and the process was repeated 4 times according to Murray's method, then I/R was produced as in group II. A piece of myocardium of 2 mm thick was cut from ischemia-infarct area. Apoptotic myocardial cells were detected by TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) and the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax protein were measured by immunohistochemical technique. Results I/R increased the percentage of apoptotic myocardial cells and the optical density (OD) value of Bax protein and decreased the OD value of Bcl-2 protein as compared with those in the control group. IPC reduced the increased percentage of apoptotic myocardial cells and OD value of Bax protein induced by I/R and increased the OD value of Bcl-2 protein as compared with those in the I/R group. Conclusions IPC can inhibit the apoptosis induced by myocardial I/R by modulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax protein.